Policies » Section J: Students » JICD: Student Conduct, Discipline And Due Process

Policy Date: 11/07/2024

CSD File: JICD
CANDIA SCHOOL DISTRICT
STUDENT DISCIPLINE AND DUE PROCESS

It is essential for schools to maintain a safe and orderly environment which supports student learning and achievement. All students are expected to conduct themselves with respect for others and in accordance with School Board policies, school rules, and applicable state and federal laws. Disciplinary action may be taken against students who violate policies, rules, or laws, and/or whose conduct directly interferes with the operations, discipline, or general welfare of the school.

Disciplinary consequences will range from a verbal warning for minor misconduct up to and including expulsion for the most serious offenses. The Candia School District will follow the procedures set forth by state and federal law, specifically RSA 193:13 and Ed 317, in the discipline of students. The Candia School Board does not review appeals of student disciplinary decisions unless a right to appeal is explicitly conferred by policy or by law.

Behavior that also violates the law may be referred to law enforcement authorities.

Temporary Removal from Classroom
Students may be temporarily removed from the classroom at the discretion of the classroom teacher. A student may be temporarily removed if the student refuses to follow the teacher’s directions, fails to follow school policies or rules, disrupts the classroom environment, or otherwise engages in conduct that violates the Student Code of Conduct. During such removals, students will be sent to the building principal’s office or designated area.

Removals are not appealable.

Teacher Detention
Students may be assigned a detention at the discretion of the classroom teacher. A student may receive a detention if the student refuses to follow the teacher’s directions, fails to follow school policies or rules, disrupts the classroom environment, or otherwise engages in conduct which violates the Student Code of Conduct.

During such detentions, students will be required to remain at school during non-school hours; elementary students may serve a detention during their recess period(s). Parents will be notified at least twenty-four (24) hours prior to the detention. The length of the detention is left to the discretion of the classroom teacher and will generally not to exceed one (1) hour.

Detentions are not appealable.

Administrative Detention
Students may be assigned a detention at the discretion of the building Principal or designee. A student may receive a detention if the student refuses to follow the administrator’s directions, fails to follow school policies or rules, disrupts the school environment, or otherwise engages in conduct which violates the Student Code of Conduct. During such detentions, students will be required to remain at school during non-school hours. Parents will be notified at least twenty-four (24) hours prior to the detention. The length of the detention is left to the discretion of the administration and will generally not to exceed one (1) hour.

Detentions are not appealable.

In-School Suspension
Students may be assigned in-school suspension at the discretion of the building Principal or designee.
During such in-school suspensions, the student will attend school but will be removed from one or more
classes and placed in a restricted and supervised room within the building. The student will be expected
to remain of good behavior and work quietly on school work while serving the in-school suspension.
Parents will be notified 24 hours prior to the in-school suspension.

Short-Term Out-of-School Suspension
The building Principal or representative designated in writing by the Superintendent is authorized to
suspend a student for a specific period of time, not to exceed ten (10) consecutive school days. A
suspension may be imposed for:
• Behavior that is detrimental to the health, safety, or welfare of pupils or school personnel; or
• Repeated and willful disregard of the reasonable rules of the school that is not remediated
through imposition of the districts graduated sanctions.

During such suspensions, unless otherwise stipulated in writing, a suspended student is not permitted to
attend school classes or activities, school sponsored events, or be on school property for the duration of
the suspension.

A student who is subject to a short-term suspension (ten school days or fewer) is entitled to the following
due process (Ed317.04(f)(1)):
1. The Principal provides an oral or written notice of the charge and an explanation of the
evidence against the student which may be provided at or before the meeting.
2. The student will meet with the Principal or Assistant Principal to discuss the charges and
the evidence against the student.
3. The Principal or Assistant Principal will inform the student at the outset of the meeting of
the meeting’s purpose including the possibility of a short-term suspension.

Depending on the severity of the student’s conduct, the building Principal or designee may also refer or
recommend the student to the Superintendent or to the School Board for further disciplinary
consequences.

Long-Term Out-of-School Suspension
The School Board, or the Superintendent, as the School Board’s designee, may extend a student’s
suspension for up to an additional ten (10) consecutive school days. A long-term out- of-school
suspension may be imposed for:
• An act of theft, destruction, or violence as defined in RSA 193-D;
• Bullying pursuant to school district policy, JICK when the student has not responded to
targeted interventions and poses an ongoing threat to the safety or welfare of another
student; or
• Possession of a firearm, BB gun, or paintball gun.

During such suspensions, unless otherwise stipulated in writing, a suspended student is not permitted to
attend school classes or activities, school sponsored events, or be on school property for the duration of
the suspension.

A student who is subject to a long-term suspension is entitled to the following due process
(Ed317.04(f)(1)):
1. Upon recommendation of a long-term suspension and prior to any hearing, there shall be a
written communication to the student and at least one of the student’s parents or guardians,
delivered in person or by mail to the student’s last known address, which states the charges
and an explanation of the evidence against the student.

2. A hearing that meets the requirements of Ed 317.04(f)(3)(g).
a. The school officials shall present evidence in support of the charges and the student
(or the student’s parent/guardian) shall have an opportunity to present any defense
or reply.
b. During the hearing, the student, parent/guardian shall have the right to examine any
witnesses presented by school officials.
c. The hearing shall be either public or private and the choice shall be that of the
student or the parent/guardian. Provided, nevertheless, that if the nature of the
evidence will violate the privacy of other students or if the Superintendent or School
Board determines that substantial harm to the student could result from an illconceived decision to hold the hearing in public, then the Board reserves the right and
obligation to insist upon a private hearing.
d. The student may, together with a parent/guardian, waive the right to a hearing and
admit to the charges.

3. The student is entitled to a written decision which includes the legal and factual basis for the
conclusion that the student should be suspended.

4. The written decision shall include notice to the student that the decision may be appealed. For
a long term suspension issued by Superintendent, the decision must be appealed in writing to
the Candia School Board within ten days after the issuance of the decision. The School Board
will hold a hearing on the appeal but has the discretion to hear evidence or to rely upon the
hearing conducted by the Superintendent.

5. For a long term suspension issued by the School Board, the decision must be appealed to the
New Hampshire State Board of Education within 20 days after receipt of the decision.

6. The long-term suspension shall remain in effect while an appeal is pending unless the School
Board stays the suspension.

Depending on the severity of the student’s conduct, the Superintendent may also refer or recommend
the student to the School Board for further disciplinary consequences.

Expulsion
The School Board may expel a student, which permanently denies a student’s attendance at school.
An expulsion may be imposed for an act that poses an ongoing threat to the safety of students or
school personnel and that constitutes:
• A repeated act that would permit a long term suspension;
• Any act of physical or sexual assault that would be a felony if committed by an adult;
• Any act of violence that constitutes a “violent crime” pursuant to RSA 651:5, XIII; or
• Criminal threatening that constitutes a class B felony pursuant to RSA 631:4, II(a).

During an expulsion, unless otherwise stipulated in writing, a student is not permitted to attend school
classes or activities, school sponsored events, or be on school property for the duration of the
expulsion.

A student who is subject to expulsion is entitled to the following due process:
1. Upon recommendation of an expulsion and prior to any hearing, there shall be a written
notice to the student and at least one of the student’s parents or guardians, delivered in
person or by mail to the student’s last known address, which states the date, time, and place
for a hearing before the School Board. The notice shall be delivered to the student and at
least one of the student’s parents/guardians at least five calendar days prior to the hearing.

2. The School Board shall conduct the hearing in accordance with Ed 317.04(f)(3)(g).
a. The school officials shall present evidence in support of the charges and the student
(or the student’s parent/guardian) shall have an opportunity to present any defense
or reply.
b. During the hearing, the student, or the parent/guardian shall have the right to
examine any witnesses presented by school officials.
c. The hearing shall be either public or private and the choice shall be that of the
student or the parent/guardian. Provided, nevertheless, that if the nature of the
evidence will violate the privacy of other students or if the Board determines that
substantial harm to the student could result from an ill-conceived decision to hold the
hearing in public, then the Board reserves the right and obligation to insist upon a
private hearing.
d. The student may, together with a parent/guardian, waive the right to a hearing and
admit to the charges.

3. Before expelling a student the school board shall consider each of the following factors:
a. The student’s age;
b. The student’s disciplinary history;
c. Whether the student has a disability;
d. The seriousness of the violation or behavior committed by the student;
e. Whether the school district has implemented positive behavioral interventions;
f. Whether a lesser intervention would properly address the violation or behavior
committed by the student.

4. The School Board shall issue a written decision stating whether the student is expelled and, if
so, the length of the expulsion. If the decision is to expel, the decision must include the legal
and factual basis for the decision including the specific statutory reference prohibiting the act
for which the student is expelled.

5. The expulsion shall run until the School Board reviews it and restores the student’s permission
to attend school. The written decision shall state any action that the student may take to be
restored by the School Board. The decision shall also state that the student has the right to
appeal the decision to the New Hampshire State Board of Education at any time while the
expulsion remains in effect.

Any expulsion shall be subject to review by the School Board, if requested, prior to the start of each
school year. A student seeking restoration of permission to attend school shall file a written request
with the Superintendent prior to the start of each school year which details the basis for the request.

Possession of a Firearm
Pursuant to RSA 193:13, IV, any student who brings or possesses a firearm (as defined in 18
U.S.C. § 921) in a safe school zone, as defined in RSA 193-D:1 without written authorization from the
Superintendent or designee shall be expelled from school by the Candia School Board for a period of
not less than 12 months.

Pursuant to RSA 193:13, VI, a student who is expelled from school in another state under the
provisions of the Gun Free School Zones Act of 1994 shall not be eligible to enroll in the Candia School
District during such expulsion. If the out of state expulsion is for an indefiniteperiod of time, the
student may petition the School Board for enrollment upon establishing residency.

As provided in RSA 193:13, VII, any expulsion may be modified by the Superintendent upon review of
the specific case in accordance with other applicable law. The expelled student must submit a written
application to the Superintendent requesting modification of the expulsion, and the student will be
required to submit sufficient evidence in the form of letters, work history, or other documents that it is
in the school’s best interest and the student’s best interest to allow a modification.

Superintendent Authority
The School Board authorizes the Superintendent to reinstate a suspended or expelled student on a
case by case basis.

Educational Assignments
The student’s school will make all educational assignments available to the suspended student during
the student’s suspension.

The school district will provide alternative educational services to a student whenever the student is
suspended in excess of twenty (20) cumulative days within any school year. Such alternative
educational services will be determined by the school Principal or Assistant Principal and shall be
designed to enable the student to advance from grade to grade.

No student shall be penalized academically solely by virtue of missing class due to suspension.

The School Board, in its discretion, may authorize educational services to be provided to an expelled
student in an alternative setting on a case by case basis.

Behavior Intervention Plans
The student’s school will develop an intervention plan for any student who has been suspended more
than ten (10) cumulative school days in any school year. The intervention plan will be designed to
proactively address the student’s problematic behaviors.

Students with Disabilities
Discipline of students with identified or suspected disabilities will be in accordance with the Individuals
with Disabilities Education Act of 2004, New Hampshire State Law on Special Education (RSA 186-C),
New Hampshire Standards for the Education of Children with Disabilities (Ed 1100), and Section 504
of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973.

Code of Conduct (Handbook)
The School Board authorizes the Superintendent to establish a Code of Conduct (Handbook) which will
contain a system of supports and consequences designed to correct student misconduct and promote
behavior within acceptable norms. The Code of Conduct will include a graduated set of age
appropriate responses to misconduct and will set forth standards for short term suspensions up to five
(5) school days, short term suspensions up to ten (10) school days, long term suspensions up to an
additional ten (10) school days, and expulsion. Such standards will make reference to the nature and
degree of disruption caused to the school environment, the threat to the health and safety of pupils
and school personnel, and the isolated or repeated nature of incidents forming the basis of disciplinary
action.

Notice
This policy and school rules which inform the student body of the content of RSA 193:13 shall be
included in the student handbook and made available on the District’s website to students, parents,
and guardians at the beginning of each school year. The Principal or designated building administrator
may also inform the student body concerning this policy and school rules which address the content of
RSA 193:13 appropriate means, which may include posting and/or announcements.

The statutory text of RSA 193:13 and RSA 193-D:1 shall be printed in the school handbook. Nothing
herein shall prevent a school principal from printing, posting and/or announcing other rules applicable
to the school.

Legal References:
18 U.S.C. § 921, Definition of Firearm RSA 189:15, Regulations
RSA 193:13, Suspension & Expulsion of Pupils
RSA 651:5, XIII, Annulment of Criminal Records – Violent Crimes RSA 631:4, II(a), Criminal
Threatening
RSA Chapter 193-D, Safe School Zones
RSA Chapter 193-F, Pupil Safety and Violence Prevention
NH Code of Administrative Rules, Section Ed 306.04(a), Policy Development NH Code of Administrative
Rules, Section Ed 306.04(f), Student Discipline
NH Code of Administrative Rules, Section Ed 317, Standards and Procedures for Suspension and
Expulsion of Pupils Including Procedures Assuring Due Process

Adopted: June 7, 2001, November 7, 2002
Revised: June 5, 2008, March 7, 2018, December 5, 2019, December 2, 2021, November 7, 2024